[rep_lodsb]

It does have a pin for that (#M1, "machine cycle 1").

Zilog actually designed their peripheral chips to handle the RETI (return from interrupt) opcode specially. On the Z80 itself it does the same thing as a normal RET, but other chips can detect it on the bus and treat it as the signal that their interrupt handler is finished.

I also recall reading about some hobby project to add a PC-relative addressing mode to the 8080 or Z80. A redundant opcode like "MOV A,A" would be used as a prefix, which caused the external hardware to add the program counter to the immediate operand of the following instruction. Can't find it right now.

[becurious]

Using M1 plus the address lines was used to trap on certain addresses on expansion devices for the Spectrum such as Interface 1 or the +D. Then they’d use a line on the expansion bus to disable the standard ROM and substitute their own ROM / static RAM until some other trigger such as an OUT to a port would page the ROM back in.

I guess it’s a short step to looking up memory addresses against a bitmap for validation. I couldn’t tell from the video if this is what he did. Cutting the addresses into pages would let you save or add more levels and I guess you could implement a TLB similarly.