[ras3022]

Obviously a modern system is going to have better control and range over temperature, but it does come at a cost. According to the link from datameta the older techniques do have a measurable effect.

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20210810-the-ancient-pers...

"Scientists have recorded a temperature difference of 16C (29F) between the outside and inside of the visitor centre, despite the many bodies regularly passing through."

I imagine the best systems are the ones that combine both ideas. Such as Apple Park:

https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/apples-new-campus-...

"A Building That Breathes: Between each floor of the building is a canopy that juts out, mainly to protect employees from the intense California sun. Tucked within each canopy is a ventilation system that funnels air in and out of the building. Apparently Jobs, who was not a fan of air conditioning, wanted his employees to feel any passing breeze as if they were sitting outside. Through a variety of sensors, the building can maintain a temperature of 68 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit, all by using an intake and release of natural air."