What are these rules? Say for instance 51% of validators decide to include a malicious transaction inside of a block, what rules would that be breaking?
Depends on what way the transaction is "malicious". If malicious means transferring funds that don't exists, it'll be noticed. If malicious means transfer funds out of an address it doesn't hold the key for, it'll be noticed, and so on.
> If malicious means transferring funds that don't exists, it'll be noticed.
who cares?
As far as I can tell, a majority that wants to block a vote can do so freely and the only resolution is a fork where people just assume that the honest fork will win out.
I also think it's not a majority but actually just a little more than a third to block a vote for eth