Yes, of course, if you register as an overseas voter. You get to keep voting in the last place you lived. I couldn’t transfer my vote to Texas where it would do more good, for instance.
I know a us citizen can always vote in a federal election. But generally you can't vote in a local election, unless you live there. I can't tell from the link you posted... But apparently California doesn't care. And some wonder why people question election results.
> you can request to receive your ballot and voting materials by email, fax, or mail, and vote for contests in all federal, state, and local elections held in the precinct where you last lived, or where your parent/legal guardian last lived if you have never lived in the U.S.
https://sfelections.sfgov.org/military-and-overseas-voting
When my daughter turns 18 and if we haven’t returned to the US by then, she’ll also get to vote in her hometown of San Francisco.