[nixpkgs the package collection] (which is used by [Nix the package manager], and also contains the [Nix the programming language] expressions that define [NixOS the operating system]) has expressions for easily building OCI images: https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/stable/#sec-pkgs-dockerTool...
Do you have to be on NixOS to use the OCI images outputtable by nixpks/nix package manager or can you build OCI images using Nix from Mac/Windows/other non NixOS Linux?
They're just normal OCI images, so they can be run by any OCI-compatible container runtime. You can build images from any system running Nix, though you might encounter trouble on non-Linux systems because you may need to cross-compile the packages you use. The build process is exactly the same on any Linux distro (including NixOS and anything else) though.
Or is that Nix the package manager? Does Nix the package manager compile Nix the language images?