It always depends on the use case. A good example for an application being better because it is web-based is vscode. With code-server the possibilities are almost endless.
This was revolutionary for me as a developer.
That's remote development, and you don't need a web-based UI to do it. There's also JetBrains IDEs, any terminal editor over SSH, and probably plenty of other editors I haven't looked into.
Yes and no. There are some differences which make vscode superior to tmux/screen, ssh/fuse or rdp/vnc/nomachine based solutions.
- incredibly easy to setup (only a browser is needed) and use everywhere. Even management compatible.
- can be automated easily with ansible and/or docker
- remote pairing without a third-party cloud in between
- plug-ins just work even when being used remotely
- headless chrome can be proxied to the webview of vscode (a real browser running remotely in your browser)
Almost everything mentioned can be done with the tools you suggested BUT IMO it is not as smooth then just using vscode. This is coming from an arch (using arch BTW) / i3 guy.