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I think Spiegel and Telegram use different definitions of "user data" here:

Telegram says with the E2E chats they had no data to share, but that only refers to the content of the chats, obviously not the IP address or the linked phone number, which Telegram says it can also share with governments. When they mention later in the paragraph that they didn't share any data from unencrypted chats, that's with the caveat.

That Telegram has shared _more_ than just metadata I think is unlikely.