[a4isms]

p.s. This is fun. So what constitutes a Brutalist programming language?

It should be something that:

- Exposes the construction materials

- Implies mass and permanence

- Is usually institutional, e.g. libraries, government buildings, public housing. Only rarely shopping centres or company head offices (which were usually done in the "International" style when Brutalism was a thing).

What fits that bill? How about SQL?

[munificent]

C++ is absolutely the world's foremost brutalist language.

[anthk]

What? Not even close. C++ is Baroque.

[munificent]

None of its monumental complexity is ornamental. It's all there to expose some inner working of its underlying semantics for the user that needs to access it. It's hard for me to imagine something more brutalist than operator new or partial template specialization.

[a4isms]

There's always protected inheritance, a/k/a "was_a," or, "is implemented in terms of."

That's like postmodern furniture design. "This couch was_a giant pair of lips," meaning that although it is implemented as a pair of lips, we'll treat it as type couch.

Same for, "This chair was_a giant baseball glove."

[lifefeed]

Ada.

[namelosw]

It's Forth.

> Exposes the construction materials

Unlike most programming languages, the user has to keep the Stack in mind when programming.

> Implies mass and permanence

Its minimalist design made it extremely small and efficient

> Is usually institutional

I'm not sure how that fits into a programming language. But Forth is often used to write things like bootloaders due to its minimalism.

[anthk]

Forth. It was in OpenBIOS, it exposes the internals, you can define all its standard words by itself.

[the_only_law]

COBOL, ABAP

[pram]

MUMPS

[shadowofneptune]

Not sure MUMPS 'Exposes the construction materials', considering how deeply buried it is in applications like Epic by now. Perhaps I misunderstood what that part meant.