| I've been developing Python professionally for 15 years, including almost a decade of deploying to containers. I think Go is much easier to use (especially in a container environment): 1. Static types make it much easier to read and write code for even a single individual, and the benefit scales superlinearly as the contributor count and code base age increase. Go also has a ton of other tooling which just outclasses Python equivalents for both simplicity and performance (e.g., profiling tools, and even things like gofmt vs black where the former is way faster) 2. Because Python is so slow, even medium sized test suites take a long time to run. You end up having to triage your test suite to keep CI times reasonable. This just isn't a problem in Go (unless you're doing something I/O bound). 3. Python dependency management still sucks. If you want reproducibility, it takes ~30 minutes just to resolve dependencies for relatively small-but-not-toy-sized projects. This obviously kills your CI times, and there aren't great workarounds except to forego dependency management altogether. Go builds are nearly instant in most cases (assuming you have build caching enabled in CI) and still far better than Python builds in the worst cases. Python also depends a ton on C, so cross compilation is basically impossible (whereas it's trivial in Go) and simply building for any non-mainstream platform is going to entail a whole bunch of work (C projects typically make sweeping, undocumented assumptions about their build environments and targets). 4. Being able to make small artifacts is surprisingly important. When your container image is hundreds of megabytes, you feel it in your iteration loop (especially if you're in a "site down" situation and your iteration loop involves rebuilding and deploying containers to production to restore service). It also means your services can't scale up as responsively, and if a container gets bounced (and scheduled onto another node) it implies longer downtime before that container can carry load again. Similarly, rolling back from a bad deploy can be almost instantaneous if your images are small. Go has the advantage here because it can build on scratch images and because it doesn't need to ship the complete source code (native compilation prunes unreachable code, and binary machine code is considerably more compact than unicode source code). 5. If your development environment is Mac or Windows, Docker kind of sucks for Python development because you'll want to mount your source code volumes into the container, but Docker for Mac/Windows runs the container in a Linux VM with a process that marshals filesystem events back and forth over the guest/host boundary consuming virtually all of the CPU allocated to the VM. In Go, you don't mount the volume at all, rather you just build the image from scratch or you rebuild the binary within the image (or outside of the image and copy it in). You can viably use something like `docker-compose build` as part of your iteration loop with Go. 6. Distributing CLIs via container images makes for a crumby end-user experience, and if you don't distribute Python via container images. Something like shiv mostly works, but there might still be dynamic dependencies that users have to include (iirc, we ran into this with graphviz and a few other libs). Go binaries Just Work. > Cramming an entire GC and runtime into the executable doesn't seem much different than building a container to me. A Go runtime (which includes the GC) is just a couple of megabytes. Slim python base images are 60mb compressed. |
I will be the first to complain about Python packaging, but 30 minutes is far far beyond anything I have experienced.