* Data that is tightly clustered on certain keys and widely dispersed on other keys can hit some "fun" interactions with sharding regimes, indexes, etc. that random data doesn't.
* Brute forcing a whole bunch of invalid values can be a lot less interesting than lighting up unconventional combinations of valid values.
* Sometimes you're wrong about the validation rules, i.e. you think you know the allowable enum values here but in fact production systems that really exist and have customers behind them are setting other values. Rejecting those would itself be a bug.
Since generating valid values is difficult, it sounds like an opportunity for an open-source fuzzy data generator with rules for different database types. Encode all the lessons shared in those "falsehoods programmers believe" articles about names, addresses, phone numbers, email addresses, credit card numbers, dates, time zones, etc into one testing tool that everyone can use.
I don't work with databases, so maybe this already exists. :)
* Brute forcing a whole bunch of invalid values can be a lot less interesting than lighting up unconventional combinations of valid values.
* Sometimes you're wrong about the validation rules, i.e. you think you know the allowable enum values here but in fact production systems that really exist and have customers behind them are setting other values. Rejecting those would itself be a bug.