[feikname]

I believge the name you're looking for is Jungle Gym (non-UK) or Climbing Frame (UK). In portuguese we call them trepa-trepa ("climb-climb") which I think is quite fitting.

[dan-robertson]

I didn’t really want to give it a name because a climbing frame is something smaller than this thing in my mind.

[frosted-flakes]

Or simply a playground.