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by kkfx 1537 days ago
most people ignore that in our history, in various moments, many have crafted "universal systems" to organize information, few historical examples:

- ~612 BC Ashurbanipal di Nineveh tablets, sort of structured tag-based library with more than 30k tags found, mostly used to note transactions and other daily life activities

- ~245 BC Callimacus pĂ­nakes, another sort of tag-based index for the Alexandria giant library

- ~1545 Conrad Gessner libraries of Babel, personal notes closely similar to "modern" ZettelKasten

- 1673-94 Leibniz's Scrinium Literatum another far similar to Gessner's one and ZK

- 1934 Paul Otlet & Henry La Fontaine Mundaneum, so-called the modern web ancestor

- 1960 Niklas Luhmann's ZettelKasten

Those are just few I remember but there are many others and surely many more not lost in the history. All claim to be universal and all have an ultimate goal: store&retrieve information as easily as possible to produce new one, to evolve. All are closely similar in principles (usage of meta-information, cataloguing techniques of various kind, keep individual "entries" small for easy isolation and composing etc). The web (1.0 so called) is the first general and global example of those systems. All fails though at a certain point.

Long story short: there is no universal method to be followed slavishly expecting magic results, there are common needs, normally solved in closely similar ways with the tools of the time for millennia, the best option is understand the problem and the principle behind all those solutions tailoring one on our needs.

Personally I use Emacs/org-mode/org-roam and various other related package to manage my personal information, suffering a bit by the lack of a more flexible storage than files and filesystems, but still enough to manage almost anything so effectively that I can't use modern desktops/sw anymore, it's not PARA, ZK etc but just another systems, without strict rules, tailored on my needs following the similar principles of all others. Popular modern one are LYT https://youtu.be/RgwnpEBFNUg or Jonny Decimal.

1 comments

You can read about many of these historical methods of organization in Judith Flanders' A Place for Everything: The Curious history of Alphabetical Order - https://www.amazon.com/Place-Everything-Curious-History-Alph..., and The Library of Alexander: Center of Learning in the Ancient World by Roy MacLeod - https://www.amazon.com/Library-Alexandria-Learning-Ancient-R...
Thanks :-)

I'll add Cataloging the World, by Alex Wright and Paper Machines: About Cards & Catalogs, 1548-1929 by Markus Krajewski plus few relatively recent articles:

- Note Taking as an Art of Transmission http://doi.org/10.1086/427303

- From Note-Taking to Data Banks https://doi.org/10.1080/17496977.2010.492615

- Facing Interfaces: Paul Otlet's Visualizations of Data Integration https://www.mondotheque.be/wiki/images/e/e2/Heuvel_Rayward_F...

There are surely many others and following those we arrive to classic PIM publications, witch is "the system to organize personal digital information" in the end!

Thanks for these insights and listing these alternatives in one place and showing their commonalities (like tagging, hierarchies, and parsing/subdividing). One book I have found interesting along those lines is "The Discipline of Organizing". https://berkeley.pressbooks.pub/tdo4p/

Tangentially, William Kent's "Data and Reality" (the first two editions especially) also explores the larger meta-issues of moving from human-ish nuanced thinking to more limited formal representations (i.e. "The map is not the territory"). http://www.bkent.net/Doc/darxrp.htm

Coincidentally this other HN article showed up the same day: "25+ years of personal knowledge management" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30903940

I have my own FOSS explorations to make software related to these sorts of themes called Pointrel/Twirlip -- but still a work in progress after over forty years. Indirectly Pointrel did in a sense help inspire Wordnet though. :-) And Wordnet was core to the rise of Google (via Adsense) which claims to want to organize the world's information (even if they may have other goals as well).

Thank you for wordnet! Wordnet is also the starting point of so many dictionary/language exploration sites, including mine, niftyword.com