FTA: That entropy comes from sources like interrupt timing for various kinds of devices (e.g. disk, keyboard, network) and hardware RNGs if they are available.
So yes, Linux can use hardware RNGs. Your second question probably is better stated as whether those can generate random bits at a sufficient rate. I would expect hardware RNGs of being capable of that for typical use cases.
not sure that's used for /dev/random/ but I thought it was, but the question is when because early in the boot process that may not be loaded. There was also a general distrust of vendor specific hardware randoms in the past IIRC.
I doubt it. even if algorithms like sha get almost totally broken, you could get away with injecting a tiny number of bits of true randomness (like 1 in 2^20) and the result will be uncrackable.
So yes, Linux can use hardware RNGs. Your second question probably is better stated as whether those can generate random bits at a sufficient rate. I would expect hardware RNGs of being capable of that for typical use cases.