The cQASM that you link to is one of the flavors of QASM. Another commonly used one is openqasm whose 2.0 and 3.0 specs are here: https://github.com/Qiskit/openqasm
Along with QIR like as is listed in the comment, these are two open assembly specs with collaborative governance. Another is Quil: https://github.com/quil-lang/quil
While quantum computing has a history of using circuit diagrams (which are still very useful) to represent programs. These languages have representations under the hood that look a lot more like assembly. For example: https://github.com/Qiskit/openqasm/blob/master/examples/adde...