[foo_barrio]

Even simple type systems like in Java can help with correctness. For example if you have a list of "Person" but the code itself assumes it's a unique list of people you can convert that list to a Map<PersonId, Person>. Further if the map is assumed to never accept null values for either key or value you can capture that in some kind of "People" class that enforces invariant assumptions.

You're right that is does not prevent actual logic bugs but in practice, a lot of bugs are sometimes caused simply by bad inputs. With types you can make it so that logic never gets bad input eg (sqrt(NonNegativeDouble) instead of sqrt(double)) can potentially eliminate some error handling code.