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by scythe 1599 days ago
Take a look at what actually happened at Manzikert. One of the generals walked off with half the army and didn't fight.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Tarchaneiotes

I'm not an expert on the motivations of medieval generals, but if you've spent your whole life fighting for "God" and suddenly the people who are supposed to be close to God don't seem to have a clue what they're doing, don't you think that might impact your willingness to fight?

The Roman Empire had always centered on Italy, Greece and Anatolia. Until 1050 the ERE had always had a toehold in Italy and most of Anatolia. By 1100 they had lost all of Italy and most of Anatolia:

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Byzantin...

It's true that theological disputes accumulated gradually before the Schism and were interleaved with political disputes, but this doesn't really dispute the importance of the theological split and instead smears it over the previous two centuries (arguably beginning with the coronation of Charlemagne).