[roryokane]

Yes, most of it can. I remade this effect using CSS animations, as an exercise:

Demo: https://css-demo-client-side-render-jankiness.roryokane1.rep...

Source code: https://replit.com/@RoryOKane1/CSS-demo-client-side-render-j...

However, a limitation of not using JavaScript is that I can’t randomize the changed properties: the page changes in the same way after every reload.