[dirtyid]

Economist using excess deaths figures from countries that failed contain covid to make upper bound inferences for PRC, which contained covid.

Also range starts from MINUS 150K, i.e. excess life. Which makes more sense considering the source Economist used to extrapolate excess deaths for PRC concluded excess deaths was lower outside of Hubei/Wuhan in the months post lockdown [0] and things have been basically normal since due to aggressive covid zero policies. Other countries that aggressively contained covid also has excess life stats.

[0] https://archive.is/d0Eo3#selection-1619.2-1619.274