[helsinkiandrew]

Much of electronic engineering is built around ‘lies’ - abstractions and simplifications because that makes sense in the vast majority of cases but are ‘wrong’ at some level.

You don’t need to use Maxwells equations or the underlying semiconductor physics equations when biasing a transistor, or calculating the output of a digital XOR gate because there are abstractions that are far simpler to use and work in just about all practical situations.

And of course those abstractions break down in thought experiments and beyond their limits in the same way that Newtons laws work up to a point and then you need Einstein.