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by tomxor 1657 days ago
> "Wrap it in tin foil" is perhaps the most common advice [...] Unfortunately the results were extremely inconsistent [...] 90 dB attenuation in one test would produce only 50 dB the next time [...] You would have no way to tell whether you've managed to fold and seal it adequately well

On the other hand, aluminium foil is incredibly commonly available, if not in a kitchen draw, it will be at the nearest shop. Although unreliable, the _potentially_ high attenuation the author shared is pretty good (we don't know his worst reading), better than all other improvised solutions tested, and similar to commercial products. I wonder if a more reliable construction method could be found.

I'm not sure what movie scene scenario I'm envisioning, but in the case you needed a Faraday cage and don't constantly carry one around, perhaps simply taking an entire kitchen roll of foil and wrapping the device into a giant unsightly ball of it would be a reliable enough process for an "emergency" (if not pocket sized). i.e rather than trying to make a neatly folded minimal version, just resort to sheer number of layers of material - unless RF doesn't care and even 1000 layers with tiny gaps is no good?

[edit] Similarly, I wonder how well (or poorly) common household appliances work as a Faraday cage, e.g a fridge, microwave-oven - From what the author described, it seems they would all have too many gaps, however they are also constructed from higher gauge metals... i'm particularly interested in a microwave-oven which is specifically designed to reflect and retain microwave frequency fields.

3 comments

Microwave ovens make for poor Faraday cages. The problem is that you only need 30-60dB to "keep the power in" while you probably want at least 100dB to "keep the signals out."

You can test this: put your phone in the microwave and try to call it. Over the years I have had about a 75% success rate.

Other household appliances tend to be even worse; any gaps in metallic seals effectively turn into slot antennas and let signals through. You need a conductive mesh gasket to stop this, and I generally don't see mesh gaskets on consumer appliances.

Your "make an al-foil ball" strategy is what I would resort to in a pinch (I have some nice Anritsu shield boxes, but those are cheating). Quantity is a quality of its own. My only addition would be making sure that the gaps tend to not line up. You want to make it difficult for the "slot antennas" modeling the gaps in each layer to couple to each other.

For the sake of keeping people from doing stupid things.

DO NOT MICROWAVE YOUR PHONE.

The test involves placing your phone in the microwave and closing the door without turning the microwave on. I'd unplug the microwave before trying this.

“This is a man who has experienced The Public”

https://www.reddit.com/r/tumblr/comments/jy8wzj/rinse_your_e...

Microwave-ovens definitely don't leak below 2.4 GHz. Any frequency above that is a non-issue for microwave-oven operator safety. It also wouldn't be an issue for any communication device transmitting below 2.4 GHz. If you want to shut down 5 GHz communication then a microwave-oven would be leaky. 60 GHz: it shouldn't matter since it needs LoS anyway.

Also, remember to ground your faraday cages.

The width of the area around microwave doors looks suspiciously close to lambda/4 for 2.4 GHz (~3 cm) on pretty much every microwave I've ever seen - I'd almost be surprised if that construction isn't tuned to reflect 2.4 GHz, which would make it a very leaky container at say 0.9/1.8 GHz.
I think you should double-check the harmonics that would get passed relative to a quarter-wave mesh.
Yes, microwave ovens use a tuned slot to seal the door. It's basically a half-wave stub.
> ground your faraday cages.

Why?

I assume for the same reason you ground your home, building up charges is a great way for Bad Things to happen.
Why would a phone pouch/box build up great charge? You don't ground your home because of charge buildup either - grounding is there to decrease the chance a thunderbolt will run through precious things, like house walls, people, electric wiring etc.
You absolutely want to ground your home due to charge buildup, I have seen the exploded appliances, no lightning required.
Grounding and bonding is done for many safety reasons. Reducing stray voltage is certainly one of them:

https://www.mikeholt.com/technical-stray-voltage-newsletter-...

Better performance. Faraday cages can act as reradiators at frequencies dependent on cage geometry.
I'm not an expert on Faraday cages, would the effects stack if you wrapped your phone in aluminum foil, then put it in a cookie tin?