[melony]

>there is an established framework for holding companies and nations liable if they do stupid things.

International space law, like most other international regulations, is only for the small fries. Any country capable of inserting into geosynchronous orbit with a domestic manufactured launch vehicle is usually also nuclear armed, hold a permanent seat on the Security Council or allied with a holder, and is immune to most low level sanctions. No real space power can be truly bound by treaty if things heat up because they are usually the enforcers.