[sudosysgen]

Actually yes, you can. You can run the numbers if you wish. To see a target that is 300m large from 300km away you need an angular resolution of 1 miliradian which requires a 0.5mm aperture in the visible spectrum. To be able to image it well and tell it apart from something else consistently and obviously you'd have more than you need with a hundred times the resolution which would require a 50mm aperture.

In other words, absolutely and completely feasible. You could hold a camera with an 1200mm f/20 Cassegrain lens that could take a picture of a carrier from 300km with a fair amount of detail in your hands, let alone fit it into a 3 ton reentry vehicle.

[nradov]

That's idealized theoretical optics. Not something that works through a real world atmosphere. A total joke.

[sudosysgen]

I assure you this is actually how it works. Im not talking theoretical either, you can go out and take a picture of the International Space Station throught the atmosphere using equipment that can be held with a single hand.

You'll be able to see the solar panels and various other little details.

Now that's a 100 meter target 400-600 km away. An aircraft carrier is even easier.

See for example https://www.amateurastrophotography.com/how-to-photography-t...

It turns out the atmosphere is not that big of an issue for such a large target. The ISS is much worse because the atmosphere is at the beginning of the light path so diffraction is minimised, in reality a picture of an aircraft carrier from orbit with the same lens would be much sharper.

Also, in real life these kinds of optics are really close to the theoretical limit, just fyi. The theoretical limits become more difficult to reach for larger apertures and higher focal ranges, but that's a few orders of magnitude away from what's needed here.