[user_named]

China already has a public pension system and free health care, albeit not very good. What's mainly keeping people from wanting to have children is the cost of housing as you mention and the cost of child care. And yeah, the short parental leave.

[seanmcdirmid]

Education costs also, China has public education but it is funded very oddly, there are lots of fees that you have to opt into, even if Xi really outlaws cram programs. Things become much more pricey if you raise them in a city away from where there hukou is.