[kuhewa]

It's hard to parse that example, because the citation it contains is to a meta-analysis that provides and effect size of aspirin for MI in the PHS in the form of an odds ratio that is much greater magnitude. Digging a bit more, heres the actual result - the difference in relative risk was 44% not 0.77%. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198907203210301

> There was a 44 percent reduction in the risk of myocardial infarction (relative risk, 0.56; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.45 to 0.70; P<0.00001) in the aspirin group (254.8 per 100,000 per year as compared with 439.7 in the placebo group).

I agree if you said from the start you meant general incentives, especially in pharma development, but that is by and large a different conversation.