While I think the word "decentralized" has a lot of nuance that people often forget (as an example: federated systems are also "decentralized", though I'd argue they barely live up to the term), the core problem is an equivocation on the word "it": Orchid, with the prepaid access credits system we had to put in place to satisfy Apple/Google, essentially is "a network of networks", all of which share not only the protocol (that would be trite) but share the entire mechanism for staking and selection: there is no difference at the level of the staking system between what "network" you are on for this purpose... there is but one shared pool of servers.
The issue is that the money comes in different shapes and forms, and individual users have access to different forms of money and individual servers accept different forms of money... and due to restrictions put in place by Apple and Google, we were forced to go to great lengths to support the ability to pay for the service using "in-app purchases", which results in a very large number of users having money that has been constructed--on the blockchain--to only be able to be spent with a set of servers that we are legally required to collect personal information from, making it "permissioned" if you want to accept that money... which you don't have to, but you aren't going to make much money.
It thereby isn't that the software we have released is in any way centralized: it isn't. The directory of providers isn't either. It isn't that any of the "protocols" I designed for this are somehow decentralized vs. centralized (I'm not even sure what that would mean: it would be like claiming OpenVPN is decentralized but NordVPN isn't? at best that would be, as I said, "trite"). The status is more that you are opening up shop in a bazaar, but weirdly most of the customers aren't carrying around cash, but you aren't allowed to accept credit cards. There's nothing preventing you from selling to any of these people, though. There isn't some server I'm running that is holding the entire thing together like the keystone.
Where it just kind of burns me up, though, is that the vast majority of people in the crypto space are just looking for "an easy buck", and so what they are looking for are easy to follow instructions to "stake money and get rewards", and the reality is that I know that the current state of Orchid would make those people sad, and so I don't go out of my way to bother making a "guide" where step 5 is "you are now sad"; to me, this is part of "being honest about what we have". But like, it isn't hard to run the server: you just need to be pretty comfortable calling functions on Ethereum contracts with a wallet and be able to deal with a relative paucity of documentation... I think that maximally prevents deception.
There are other solutions right now that, in contrast, I would argue "aren't honest": they are actively getting people to run servers, for example, but they don't even have payments at all yet, and have said every month for over a year that they will have payments in place "soon"... or they have a system set up to pay for servers using "inflation" on some underlying investment asset, and then report an APY that is largely based on the value being held up by speculation. Orchid has had payments working--in a way that is absolutely decentralized and which works over a legitimate utility token... but at a small scale--ever since we launched in December of 2019. It is just that we were also forced to build a second set of users by companies like Apple and Google to support their App Store monopolies, and those systems massively out-compete our decentralized users :/.
I would sugest supporting other blockchains besides ETH since transaction fees are insane. I have just checked how much should I pay to just fund my new account. It’s about 60-70 USD fee + actual payment + there is some efficiency which I did not have time to figure out. This is huge. Maybe you can support Binance Smart Chain or some other networks where fee is like x1000 smaller then ETH and transactions come through faster.
Ironically, Binance Smart Chain was part of what caused us to fail to launch my "end game solution" for that a while back and put me back into a design cycle (the exit for which or progress on I will not comment on here): we noticed their endpoints don't support eth_getLogs in a useful way.
(To be fair to them, neither does Polygon/Matic anymore, and there it was seemingly a more fundamental limitation... and, honestly, if it were only Binance Smart Chain that were limited, I would not have really cared as that chain is extremely centralized in a way I would find scary for our users.)
That seems to be an issue. However $60 fee still is insane and kills product. I have seen pankacakeswap defi used IPFS for decentralized voting. They use private wallet keys to sign vote and write it to IPFS. Maybe you could use IPFS as decentralized storage for that first block or other older blocks like a cache?
(It isn't clear to me that it even makes sense to compare Tor and Orchid, as I don't think Tor tries to accomplish the same goal as Orchid, but I am going to take this comment at face value and accept the premise ;P.) FWIW, not only does Tor not need to take payments on iOS/Android devices, afaik Tor still doesn't have a working iOS port (as it uses too much memory to be a network extension).
If you just don't like money being involved, then you are leaving a lot of speed on the table (Tor clearly has a public good issue: they want you to use it... but not waste it, which is weird). (And like, they know this, and want to figure out how to add payments, but they are--I think intelligently--having issues figuring out how to support payments while keeping their goals intact.)
That all said... Tor is also only barely decentralized, if we are on that topic :( it has only like 9 directory servers, you certainly can't run your own to help/verify, and control of those servers is sufficient to pretty narrowly direct traffic. When asked "what would you do if someone threatened your family to alter the results from your server?", the Tor developer I talked to seriously seemed to have not considered that problem before? It was strange.
I've gone to great lengths to try to prevent anyone at Orchid from having that level of control, even when dealing with money purchased via in-app payments (so: no one come threaten my loved ones? it won't help you ;P).
I encourage you to look at orchid.com (or, better yet, the README file in the git repository) for information about Orchid instead of torproject.org ;P. Orchid is most often described as "a decentralized bandwidth marketplace", and now (apparently) as "a new model of VPN". I do not believe that the word "anonymity" is generally used to describe the effect of using Orchid (though I'm sure the term has probably been used in one or two places over the years inadvertently, as there is some overlap between it and the word "private", which better describes what Orchid is accomplishing; if you go back to like, early 2020 on archive.org, you can see orchid.com was nigh unto littered with the word "private"--calling it a "privacy network" for "private browsing"--but not "anonym(ity|ous)").
As for Onion Browser (which is notably a third-party app), I will clarify (as I'd assumed the points were taken together): Tor does not have "a working iOS port" capable of VPN-like service (what Tor sometimes calls "transparent proxy"), such as to use apps like Facebook, WhatsApp, or Instagram over Tor (as in, something useful to accomplish the goals of a user on mobile, as the world--and to be clear: this sucks--is no longer truly accessible via the web). This would require a Network Extension on iOS, which has very weird and somewhat frustrating resource limitations... and here I will note that I know well the developer of iCepa (mentioned in that blog post), and, due to life circumstances, he had to abandon that work many years ago (before it was able to be finished).
FWIW, I entirely appreciate that Tor isn't really designed to support "VPN-like service" (and, in fact, goes so far as to discourage the usage of their "transparent proxy" functionality): they do not consider that to be an appropriate way to implement "anonymity online"... which maybe helps make the difference between the projects clear? Brian (Fox!) had had a great explanation (this isn't an exact quote... I believe he worded it much better): Tor attempts to make you "anonymous" online (which really requires a browser); Orchid, in stark contrast, can help to make your communication "private", helping prevent third-parties (whether ISPs or governments) from interfering with your communication (which may or may not be "anonymous": that's kind of out of Orchid's control).
The issue is that the money comes in different shapes and forms, and individual users have access to different forms of money and individual servers accept different forms of money... and due to restrictions put in place by Apple and Google, we were forced to go to great lengths to support the ability to pay for the service using "in-app purchases", which results in a very large number of users having money that has been constructed--on the blockchain--to only be able to be spent with a set of servers that we are legally required to collect personal information from, making it "permissioned" if you want to accept that money... which you don't have to, but you aren't going to make much money.
It thereby isn't that the software we have released is in any way centralized: it isn't. The directory of providers isn't either. It isn't that any of the "protocols" I designed for this are somehow decentralized vs. centralized (I'm not even sure what that would mean: it would be like claiming OpenVPN is decentralized but NordVPN isn't? at best that would be, as I said, "trite"). The status is more that you are opening up shop in a bazaar, but weirdly most of the customers aren't carrying around cash, but you aren't allowed to accept credit cards. There's nothing preventing you from selling to any of these people, though. There isn't some server I'm running that is holding the entire thing together like the keystone.
Where it just kind of burns me up, though, is that the vast majority of people in the crypto space are just looking for "an easy buck", and so what they are looking for are easy to follow instructions to "stake money and get rewards", and the reality is that I know that the current state of Orchid would make those people sad, and so I don't go out of my way to bother making a "guide" where step 5 is "you are now sad"; to me, this is part of "being honest about what we have". But like, it isn't hard to run the server: you just need to be pretty comfortable calling functions on Ethereum contracts with a wallet and be able to deal with a relative paucity of documentation... I think that maximally prevents deception.
There are other solutions right now that, in contrast, I would argue "aren't honest": they are actively getting people to run servers, for example, but they don't even have payments at all yet, and have said every month for over a year that they will have payments in place "soon"... or they have a system set up to pay for servers using "inflation" on some underlying investment asset, and then report an APY that is largely based on the value being held up by speculation. Orchid has had payments working--in a way that is absolutely decentralized and which works over a legitimate utility token... but at a small scale--ever since we launched in December of 2019. It is just that we were also forced to build a second set of users by companies like Apple and Google to support their App Store monopolies, and those systems massively out-compete our decentralized users :/.