Any independence deal is likely to include an agreement to lease Faslane to the UK, at least for a while. The SNP won't like it, but there needs to be a pragmatic solution. If that doesn't work out, there are alternatives, but it would be hugely expensive.
Yes, but I can't see any chance that it would be allowed to remain for more than 5 years, 10 years as at absolute maximum.
Apparently bases elsewhere in rUK wouldn't be a great idea due to them being too easy to track submarines entering/leaving. Backup locations being considered for the Trident boats apparently include the US or even France.
if the UK wished to retain the bases it would make retaining the land a condition for granting independence, similar to Cyprus
this isn't like Article 50 where after 2 years you're out: the nationalists only method to get what they want is by agreeing to Westminster's requiements, in full
The fact is the UK owns Faslane. An independence referendum doesn't change that fact. A yes vote for independence is not a magic spell that will create a Scottish nation and transfer ownership of UK property to it. There will be a lengthy period of negotiation and transition, and whether the Scots like it or not, they will be by far the weaker partner in those negotiations.