Is there a term for magic that would be similar to proto-sciences or superstition? Things like alchemy, magical geometry, psychic abilities, qigong, etc. that don't necessarily directly involve a spiritual being at all?
I might go with "natural magic" or maybe "psionics" in a modern context. I'm not a scholar, my interest in this stuff is as a fan of folklore, but AFAIK historically speaking the distinction you're looking for didn't really exist. Separating the supernatural from the religious is a post-Enlightenment phenomenon influenced by the spiritualist movements of the 19th century and commercial fantasy media like RPGs.
For example, alchemy and sacred geometry were deeply rooted in Christian and hermetic philosophy (themselves influenced by Platonism) - and as much about understanding God and purifying the soul as mathematics and proto-chemistry. I don't know anything about qigong but I'm just assuming the same or similar applies.
I'd suggest the Youtube channels Esoterica[0] and Modern Hermeticist[1] for some further research.
For example, alchemy and sacred geometry were deeply rooted in Christian and hermetic philosophy (themselves influenced by Platonism) - and as much about understanding God and purifying the soul as mathematics and proto-chemistry. I don't know anything about qigong but I'm just assuming the same or similar applies.
I'd suggest the Youtube channels Esoterica[0] and Modern Hermeticist[1] for some further research.
[0]https://www.youtube.com/c/ESOTERICAchannel
[1]https://www.youtube.com/c/TheModernHermeticist/videos