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> I wish more devs tried to utilize modern css and js directly instead of relying on frameworks.

Its all well and good saying that, as long as you do not value your time.

Personally, I would rather use a reasonably up-to-date framework such as Bootstrap 5 because Bootstrap has already taken care of the majority of those CSS hacks that are often required to make things look right on various browsers.

And frankly, why re-invent the wheel ? Most "utilize modern css and js directly instead of relying on frameworks" likely ends up looking like "a lot of boilerplate with a few customisations". So why not use Bootstrap for all the boilerplate and spend your time more productively by focusing on the customisations ?

P.S. JS is not a strict requirement for Bootstrap, it can be used CSS-only. But one added benefit of Bootstrap 5 in particular is they've removed the jQuery dependency.