[civodul]

Guix, apt, yum, etc. are effectively language-independent package managers. They can and do provide large numbers of Python, Rust, Go, R, etc. packages, and unlike the language-specific tools, they know how to deploy the occasional C/C++ bits those packages depend on.

The problem is not so much technical but rather social in my view. For one, it's quite "natural" for language developers to try to grow their community around its very own tools, even if those tools effectively "cut corners".

The other "social issue" has to do with practices: packagers and users of the generic GNU/Linux tools I mentioned have different expectations in terms of having a curated package set, ensuring common conventions are followed, building software from source, and so on. This is at odds with the practices encouraged by some of the language-specific package managers.

Npm does not try to manage complexity, as explained at https://dustycloud.org/blog/javascript-packaging-dystopia/, Java packages often come with opaque jars that nobody builds from source, sometimes due to circular dependencies, and so forth.