I believe NCSI probes are also purposefully HTTP because captive portals MITM all traffic to force authentication. If it was HTTPS the probe would fail with a certificate error. The whole point is that the url can be hijacked. This is not really a vulnerability, they have just independently discovered this feature.
The certificate error is of itself diagnostic of a portal rather than a proxy. The reason to use HTTP, is that some portal systems just drop TLS connections until authenticated. (Which is the correct behavior, rather than MITM.)
Opening the browser automatically is a big bug, that should be easy to fix.