[tylerhou]

It depends on the implementation. Such a policy would certainly decrease carbon output. However, it's practically not possible to eliminate all carbon output immediately. For example, if you ban ICE cars (or impose a heavy tax), richer people who can work remotely or own electric cars would be less affected than poorer people who cannot work remote or afford such a car.

The purpose of such a tax would be to prevent climate change by discouraging "needless" activities. Want to take your 10th vacation this year by flying 500 miles? Maybe if the ticket was $20 more expensive that prevents some people, at the margin. If such a tax is gradually increased each year and alternatives get cheaper each year (direct carbon capture, electric cars, renewable energy), then eventually a society will be carbon-sustainable with much less harm to the people at the bottom of the ladder.