[Aperocky]

Only the airlines, not the nation.

You can fly from Kazakhstan on an European carrier to Europe. Europe previously have also banned shoddy Soviet era airliners that are both incredibly loud, toxic and quite unsafe, which is the right thing to do.

[motives]

I feel this is a fairly pedantic correction, though of course you're very correct nonetheless. My opinion is that banning all of a nations major airlines from operating in your airspace is functionally equivalent to banning that nation. Belarus is much like Kazakhstan in that the vast majority of routes from its airports are by its national airlines. Most of the routes to the EU are flown by Belavia (Belarus' national airline) https://www.flightconnections.com/flights-from-minsk-msq.

[Aperocky]

Well, I feel like it's important to point out that people can still fly direct from $nation to Europe despite the ban.

[varjag]

Most of flights to Europe are codeshares with Belavia, so not really.