People around here give Elm way too much credit for inventing things it didn't invent or wasn't even the first to ship useable versions of, but I think its fair to give Elm full credit for elevating the quality of error messages one can expect from a language or framework.
That said, the concepts in question are all much older. If you're ever bored, check out the "Influenced by" sections of the Wikipedia pages on programming languages. It's amazing how old so many of the "new" ideas really are.
That doesn’t preclude learning from younger langages in any way.
The trend of providing really helpful and valuable error messages (especially compilation) really started with Evan’s “compilers as assistants” and “compiler errors for humans” from 2015, although there had been forays into improvements to e.g. error localisation from clang.
I remember Ada always having very precise and helpful error messages like this one:
literal_string.adb:5:33: warning: wrong length for array of subtype of "Standard.String" defined at line 5
literal_string.adb:5:33: warning: "Constraint_Error" will be raised at run time
then when you run the app it behaves as advertised
There are many others and when I saw llvm improving error messages for C and C++ (which I saw happening before Rust was a thing) I always thought it was inspired by Ada and it's helpful messages like:
expected private type "<type name>" defined at ...; found type "<type name>" defined at ...
"<name>" is undefined (more references follow); possible misspelling of "<name>"
and the many others that were just there when I first tried Ada around 2008/2009.
True, Evan actually mentions Clang (noting that he’d met people who’d switched from gcc to clang due to the error messages) in “compiler errors for humans”.
I love it how good ideas just spread everywhere in open source. Everyone's life improves and usually people aren't obnoxious about it, which tends to happen in more politically charged topics (i.e. when there is a company pushing a narrative such as google,apple or microsoft)