Wouldn't Julia be that language? Its fast, supports static typing, and is built from the ground up for machine learning/ data science. It also has a built in REPL.
Julia is that language now. Previously I had sunk cost fallacy regarding Python, but now we are building a brand new application from scratch, and we chose Julia.
It really depends on what you do - sometimes offsets are better, sometimes an index is better. If you really want 0-based indexing, you can have it! https://github.com/JuliaArrays/OffsetArrays.jl