"the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated there were roughly 22,000 deaths in the prior season and 34,000 two seasons ago." -- emphasis added
Estimation usually involves gathering data and applying some statistics to the data. The question was about the details of that process. "They estimated" isn't telling us anything new.
From the article:
"the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated there were roughly 22,000 deaths in the prior season and 34,000 two seasons ago." -- emphasis added