If there is a promise of future cash flows from transaction fees that is dependent on new holders, doesn’t that make it a pyramid, ponzi or MLM scheme?
Not sure what the exact definition of those things are, but the ether burns might be a counter-example (could say it's similar to dividends), so it's not only dependent on new holders.
If you somehow banned any new users from using Ethereum, existing users would continue to use Ethereum for the applications built on top of it.