Until you reimplement every language as transpilers to elisp, that's not the same thing at all. In this respect, Emacs is actually in the same tool category as VSCode or Vim. As you'd set up Dev Containers in VSCode, you'd set up TRAMP in Emacs to ssh into a Docker environment, or (more likely for Emacsians I guess) access a Guix environment or Nix shell.