[epistasis]

It will be fairly straightforward to decarbonize fertilizer production, using electrolyzed hydrogen rather than natural gas. As the industry matures, it's likely to be even cheaper than naturals gas derived ammonia. Here's a pilot project in Spain, for example:

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-10-28/spain-cou...

However, misapplication of fertilizer, and the resulting destruction of aquatic ecosystems, will take other fixes, and strong penalties on farmers that do this sort of damage.

[iamthemonster]

You are right, in the longer term, but hydrogen from electrolysis comes at a levelised cost approximately four times grey hydrogen. Of course that is comparing apples and oranges a bit (the grey hydrogen externalises some of its costs) but I think it is still over double as expensive as blue hydrogen. I would be delighted if electrolysis becomes two to four times cheaper than it is today but for a relatively mature chemical process I'm just not sure I see it happening in the next couple of decades.

[sdenton4]

Or else make the natural gas based fertilizer 4x more expensive through taxes...