[jabl]

The 130 octane gas you refer to is actually 100/130 lean/rich avgas. Quite similar to the 100LL still used today.

Towards the end of the war the Allies were using 115/145 in fighters for even more oomph.

As for fuel consumption, those WWII piston engines actually were quite efficient, look up BSFC numbers if interested. Fuel load and range were critical issues. It took many decades, energy crises and computer control for car engines to catch up.