[munificent]

Color perceptiveness varies surprising widely across people.

I took a test a while back and discovered that I'm apparently the color equivalent of a super-taster. I have extremely fine color perception.

In the examples you list, lawngreen looks darker, bluer and a little more saturated than chartreuse. Palegreen is much lighter than lightgreen and somewhat more saturated. Mediumturquoise is bluer, darker, and duller than darkturquoise's greenish tint.

Note, of course, that your monitor and viewing environment will affect your perception too.