[qiqing]

Correct me if I'm wrong, but the definition of excess deaths means they're not literally counting every person who died, including from old age or car accidents, but theoretically attributable to a cause.

For example, researchers can measure excess deaths in 2020 compared to the previous year and find a gap between that and confirmed covid deaths in every country. For example, if the caretaker of a child or disabled or elderly person was suddenly hospitalized without time to find a substitute, and they didn't survive due to lack of care.