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by benjaminmaccini 1931 days ago
This was written in 2019. There is another thread, but this is my first time reading. So I understand;

- Milk prices are going down due to a decrease in the cost of production + overproduction.

- Farmland availability is decreasing because CAFOs are incentivized (required?) to buy more land. Property value is also decreasing for farmers near CAFOs.

- Small farmers operate on decreasing margins.

- Small farmers lack protection against rising overhead costs, this was historically done through co-ops, however these co-ops have grown to be massive conglomerates and fail to serve the underlying communities.

- CAFOs are the leading pollutants of water sources. They are also the leading consumers of ground water.

- There has been a dramatic decrease in the number of small farming operations.

Bad economic policies lead to public health and cultural crises. I can't help but draw some parallels to what has been happening in the Rust Belt (Hillbilly Elegy is a great read for this topic). It's insane how little I know about food economics and scary how much of an impact it has on communities, especially impoverished ones.

2 comments

> It's insane how little I know about food economics and scary how much of an impact it has on communities, especially impoverished ones.

America mostly stopped caring about the welfare of rural Americans sometime around WWII. There have been some brief blips (Appalachia 68, farms 78) but generally - concern for Americans to sustain themselves ends at the edge of metro areas. Neither pols, nor press nor most of us are interested in a meaningful way.

To be clear, my assertion isn't an invitation to pit the rural poor against the urban poor. It's to highlight how Americans tend to be particular about which Americans merit their concern. For schlubs like me, that might be understandable. But for those folks who's actual job it is to look out for everyone - rarely caring about the welfare of some Americans (who are in real and sustained trouble) is just systemic neglect.

> Neither pols, nor press nor most of us are interested in a meaningful way.

I'm not sure that's true - it's just that overall people are much more interested in cheap food. Agriculture has been pulled into a race for the bottom here for a while, and small farms & rural communities are a nearly unavoidable casualty.

The basic math here is easy, the moment labor becomes a significant contribution there is pressure to reduce it, which means either worse pay for the same work, or figuring out how to be more productive with less labor (automation, scaling) or a mixture of both.

Overall there is a lot of concern with being able to keep a food supply going, but that doesn't' translate to caring about e.g. family farms remaining viable.

For those curious, CAFO stands for "Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation". I was unfamiliar with the term and had to look it up.

See link for more details (found in Wikipedia sources) [0]:

> A CAFO is another EPA term for a large concentrated AFO [animal feeding operation]. A CAFO is an AFO with more than 1000 animal units (an animal unit is defined as an animal equivalent of 1000 pounds live weight and equates to 1000 head of beef cattle, 700 dairy cows, 2500 swine weighing more than 55 lbs, 125 thousand broiler chickens, or 82 thousand laying hens or pullets) confined on site for more than 45 days during the year. Any size AFO that discharges manure or wastewater into a natural or man-made ditch, stream or other waterway is defined as a CAFO, regardless of size. CAFOs are regulated by EPA under the Clean Water Act in both the 2003 and 2008 versions of the "CAFO" rule.

[0]: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/national/plan...