It always bugged me that the PHP community didn't pick up on this and run with it. We've had ASP tags since the beginning (almost?) but I think people avoid it out of some anti-MS stance. Rails runs with <%= just fine.
OTOH, you shouldn't ever be generating XML headers from PHP anyway (XHTML is a dead-end, and raw XML should be generated by an XML library), so this shouldn't be that big of an issue.
But, less than question mark and a space are not a valid XML combination. XML processing instructions cannot begin with a space. Likewise, PHP cannot run commands into the short tags, like <?echo $foo; ?>. So, there really is no collision, it's just grandstanding.
It always bugged me that the PHP community didn't pick up on this and run with it. We've had ASP tags since the beginning (almost?) but I think people avoid it out of some anti-MS stance. Rails runs with <%= just fine.