The word didn't exist, but there were stories on the local news similar with teaser headlines like, "Your refrigerator is killing you! Watch at the bottom of the hour!"
Yes, but the point is that "clickbait" existed before people could click. The forms may have differed between geos, but I doubt you are disputing the existence.
And it's a way overused phrase. As if headline writers haven't tried to entice people to read articles for 100 years. Some people seem to want scientific paper titles for headlines. Basically not going to happen. (There are egregious examples of course but the idea that headlines shouldn't try to grab a reader is silly.)