[stefano]

As an alternative to SPID you can also use your national electronic ID card, which is issued by the state without the involvement of private companies.

[thitcanh]

If a service uses SPID, you need SPID. The SPID login screen doesn’t offer “National ID card” as an option.

Some services may offer alternative logins, but my guess is that they’ll be phased out like INPS is phasing out PIN-based logins.