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> the EU benefits from buying things from and selling things to the UK

English economist David Ricardo made a similar statement in the early 19th century. The example he used was Portuguese wine being traded for English cloth. He said both countries benefited from their specializations - England producing cloth, Portugal producing wine. Ricardo's work is a foundation for a modern view of comparative advantage and free trade.

English economist Joan Robinson revisited this example over a century later. She asked what the results over the past century were for the economies of England and Portugal in pursuing this course - one country industrializing to build textile mills, one country remaining more agricultural with much less industrialization. I'm sure I don't have to tell you what she found in that investigation, the answer is obvious.