[dms_ucsc]

The case in the paper I linked above was an intracloud flash, but nearly all cloud-to-ground flashes also start with a breakdown up in the cloud, so I agree that any model of lightning initiation can apply to both intracloud and cloud-to-ground flashes.

[swayvil]

Navajo mythology says that a man who was struck by lightning cannot be trusted. Not because he's evil or damaged, but because he has been touched by profound alienness. He's too weird to predict.