[rocqua]

With the typing system of Haskell, maybe Rust too, you can do a lot to prevent the type from being able to represent wrong state. Immutability also does a lot to prevent issues with false state and public fields.

If you want to prevent people outside the module from adding functions, you can do that in Haskell by only exporting the type-name. This prevents other modules from actually accessing any data inside the type, whilst still allowing them to use the type in functions. This includes sometimes making getter functions to read values from the type. I'm pretty sure Rust allows for something similar.

In general, FP still allows for encapsulation. Moreover, it uses immutability and to some extend the type-system to prevent illegal states of data types.