[Edmond]

Well, not sure which country you're writing from but here in the US, private property laws should be enough to nip the idea of government taking shares of a private company.

Dividends and capital gains in general have an inverse relationship, ie dividend paying stocks typically are low growing and as such don't tend to experience much price increase (ie capital gains). You own such shares so you can get the consistent dividend (share of profits) as your return...There may be exceptions but in general this relationship holds.

In a non-bubble market, the capital gains are a reflection of company's growth and expected future profits, thus the stock price is based on present-value-of-future-cashflows model (ideally of course, the reality is often messy).

In other words dividends and capital gains are not inherently in conflict, they merely reflect life-cycles of companies. Of course there are a ton of unprofitable companies on the market currently with high stock prices, there is a larger debate to be had on why that is and how to curtail it.