Hacker News new | ask | show | jobs
Launch HN: Axle Health (YC W21) – In-Home Healthcare as a Service
60 points by chailey11 1973 days ago
Hey everyone,

We’re Connor and Adam and we’re working on Axle Health (https://www.axlehealth.com).

We provide an API for sending health professionals to people’s homes to deliver medical services. For example, a telehealth company can use our service to request an in-home blood draw for their patient.

Healthcare has traditionally been delivered in an office or hospital. In recent years, telehealth - providing healthcare remotely, without the need for people to come to a healthcare facility - has taken off as technology has improved, but physical tests are still often needed to make diagnoses, and physical contact is needed to administer treatment. Without physical interaction, telehealth physicians can only handle a subset of common visit reasons. In all other cases they’re required to refer patients to a lab or in-person doctor. As a result of this lack of continuity in the patient’s care journey, most use telehealth platforms for one-off needs like getting a prescription filled. The goal of our platform is to be an extension of the physician in the patient’s home, working on the doctor’s orders to administer physical services that would normally require a visit to a lab or office.

I ran across this problem when I moved from New York to Los Angeles. I had received the first dose of a vaccine (not the COVID vaccine, unfortunately) before moving and needed the second on arrival. My only option was to find a new doctor who required me to do a full physical exam before I could receive the second dose. I did it, but needed to take a couple hours off of work. I thought “why can’t I just get this done at home”. It’s not just me, studies show that completion of multi-dose vaccine courses is as low as 33%. Life just gets in the way.

After I had my experience, I called up my friend from college, Adam, who worked at UberEats and we started thinking about the economics of bringing care to patients’ homes. The wealthy already have access to in-home healthcare. The question was, could we drive enough operational efficiency and optimization to make this available to everyone while only charging a small per visit fee for companies to use the platform. Solving this problem would have far reaching implications by expanding access to treatment in healthcare deserts, enabling decentralized clinical trials, improving uptake of basic preventive services, and leading to better health outcomes.

The operational and technical challenge of sending a health professional to a patient’s home is complex. There are a couple of old line national phlebotomy companies that go in-home, but phlebotomy (drawing blood) is the easy part. When you start moving up the licensure ladder from phlebotomist to medical assistant to licensed practical nurse to registered nurse, their scope of practice expands. Each state has its own laws governing the scope of practice of each of those professionals. For example, our appointment assignment algorithm needs to account for the fact that in Florida a medical assistant can start an IV line, but in California they can’t. We need to ensure each professional has the right mix of supplies for their daily appointments to drive maximum efficiency - a nurse might go from administering an immunotherapy IV at one home to a vaccine at another. Luckily Adam is crazy enough to like these logistical headaches :P

But, Adam won’t need to solve these problems manually. We’ve built a good bit of software around matching patients with in-home professionals. The process is fully programmatic meaning partners can use our API to find available services in a zip code, pull time slot availability and pricing by geography, indicate special instructions from the doctor, book visits, and receive visit updates via webhooks. Health professionals from our network use the Axle app to get shift assignments, indicate to patients that they’re en route, and write up any visit notes. Patients can even see their health professional on a map in real time just like an Uber. We want to make the process of getting in-home care as seamless as possible for patients and health professionals.

Our API documentation (https://developers.axlehealth.com) is publicly available. We’re hoping to enable the next generation of healthcare startups by offering them the ability to physically interact with patients, through us. We wanted to make the API as straightforward as possible, so we welcome any feedback on the documentation or our product at large!

Thanks for reading!

13 comments

So this is interesting, but I'm concerned you may have issues here, just like workpath (formerly Iggbo) and Call9 did (though for different reasons).

There's a slight chance that this sort of service may in fact be illegal, or at least in a gray area, depending on who performs the sample draw: https://nppn.info/index.php/blog/view/iggbo-is-illegal

Typically, if you order a test, the person performing the test has to be actually employed by the organization that pays them (ie, cannot be a contractor), and there aren't national-level service providers for things like phlebotomy, because the economics don't really work out yet.

Also, if the provider (MD/NP/PA) service isn't actually doing the test themselves, then I believe they have to provide the option to the patient to choose what service they go to (Lab Corp, Quest, your service or another) because not providing the customer a choice may violate Stark law prohibitions on inter-provider referrals.

I am sure you have considered much of this, but would love to hear what you've found so far.

Thanks for posting. Took me a while to get through it! Here are some thoughts. And first and most importantly IANAL.

We have, unfortunately, spent quite a bit of money to put a legal framework in place. Our operating model is slightly different than Workpath/Iggbo, so a number of the concerns in the piece don't apply. I don't want to give too much away b/c the framework we've developed is a competitive advantage.

Health professional quality, HIPAA adherence and data privacy are part of our core mission. They're first-class citizens both in our legal and product/technology frameworks.

Stark shouldn't be an issue to them. From what I remember the provider must provide options and can't recommend a specific one. They can still provide facts - which can include the fact that X and Y don't do home draws and Z does.

-----

While you reference an interesting piece from nppn.info, I don't find their argument to be very compelling. This piece reads like exactly what you'd expect from an lobbying org looking to protect their space. It reads like a very impressive argument - only when you don't look for any alternatives. I worked in a similar space and we found solutions to nearly every problem this piece lists.

Yes, certainly the author of that piece has a biased take. It is not just a hot-take however, and the main point is true; that the person who performs the draw must be in the employ of a CLIA approved lab that is accountable for their performance.

Since this doesn't seem to be their angle, that means they are contracting with labs, which means small scale regional providers, because generally LabCorp and Quest aren't interested in partnering with startups. Maybe they had a breakthrough here?

As an API service, their main customers would likely be the on-demand telemedicine startups (Nurx, DoD, Eden, many others.... However, they all are either narrow-service and national (Nurx, Roman; which have their own issues) or comprehensive and regional.

So that means they either can't operate legally (sketchy), have to do the work of cobbling together regional provider networks and clients that want those service areas covered (doable, but hard), or have scored a breakthrough with a big lab company or network that's a hidden advantage we don't see here.

Just interested in what they've found that can get them going in a tough space.

We are a new startup and we recently launched virtual primary care ($25 per visit) and this might be useful to us in the future when we have elderly patients who can't get out of bed for bloodwork. We'll keep you in mind when the need arises! (https://virtual.tangerinehealth.co/)
I work in the healthcare advertising space. Let me know if you need some help in that area. My email is in my profile.
I'd love to get in touch - we offer a similar service to Axle Health. My email is in my bio.
An app that helps the patient and doctors communicate would be a good addition to this service. Something with: 1) Data entry 2) Concurrent records for all the different medical professionals 3) Visual diagrams for patient communication (ie. imaging, reports) 4) medical history 5) On the professional side it would provide easy access to notes about the patient
That's a good point. We've been thinking about how we can have concurrent in-home visit with health professional + doctor video visit (e.g. doctor directing health professional on what to do), but haven't implemented that yet.
Much needed indeed. I can imagine quite a demand for this.

But how do you plan to tackle supply in meaningful way ? A practitioner sitting at a clinic can draw lot of samples vs the one travelling to homes.

Part of our thesis is that healthcare is overpowered. If you go into a doctor's office or clinic, there's rarely a phlebotomist on hand. Your blood is usually drawn by someone whose license allows them to do more than draw blood. We drive efficiency by ensuring that professionals are always operating at the "top-of-license". I know from personal experience: my doctor gave me my flu shot, which can be done by an LVN making $40/hr rather than a doctor making $150/hr.

We also hope demand will drive an increase in the number of people who choose to enter these health professions, which pay decent wages. It takes about 6 months to become a phlebotomist, 12 months to become an MA, and 18 months to become an LVN. These professions are accessible from both a time and monetary standpoint.

In what market are LVNs making $40/hr?
$30/hr is probably closer. Was just comparing with the big differential between LVN and MD on the pay scale.
Thanks. Having worked as an LVN before I was just curious if there were really LVNs out there making that much. $30/hr still seems high ime but I know it can very location dependent.
Congrats on your launch. So do you hire or contract with actual providers to go into homes?
We contract with the health professionals who go in-home (phlebotomists, medical assistants, LVN/LPN, and RN)
How do these professionals make a living today? What are they leaving to do Axle instead?

Also, a bit meta, but are you giving them benefits (e.g. health insurance)?

Currently we use health professional contracting agencies to source our health professionals. Some of these professionals do contracting as a side hustle while their w2 employment is with a hospital or clinic. Others only work part-time to supplement family income, and some do it full-time. Health professionals who work for these contracting agencies on a full-time basis do generally receive health insurance and other benefits through the agency.
I attempted a startup in a similar space.

One big opportunity for us was the flexibility and more relaxed work-style. Working in hospital is stressful and it just burns a lot of people out. For example, in the nursing population, there are a lot of semi-retired nurses who actively maintain their licensing, but do not want to work full time in a hospital.

I have Nice Healthcare as a benefit of my current employer. Free service, with health professionals sent to my house or wherever I happen to be. It's glorious.

Have you interacted with Nice at all?

We've checked them out, but have spoken with them yet. We want to help a company like Nice scale that offering b/c that's the hard part.
Which Telehealth companies are you working with currently? I use Doctor on Demand and curious if they are integrated with you.
We don't currently have an integration with doc on demand. We're piloting so we're not releasing our customer list just yet, but will soon.
I hope this is successful. My dad is homebound, can’t get around on his own, and needs to get blood drawn on a regular basis at a Coumadin clinic. He can usually get a friend to give him a ride, but not always.
Thanks for sharing..this is what we hope to make easier for patients struggling to access care
Any plans to introduce APS services for Life insurance carriers, by chance?
Yes. Did you have a thought on that in particular?
I do - it's a market with existing players that are extremely challenging (or impossible) to integrate with successfully. More players in the space could be a large benefit.
AxelHealth.com whoops?
yeah, it's a funny coincidence...www.axlehealth.com
Good luck
nice
Looks really interesting! Similar to a company called Workpath [0] that was recently acquired by Ro.

I'm also building a related company called Brick Health [1] that does something similar, but is partnering with brick-and-mortar facilities instead of doing home visits. This is definitely a huge open problem.

[0] https://www.workpath.co [1] https://brick.health

Yup, two sides of the same coin. Love the name by the way :) Workpath isn't yet doing in-home nurse visits although it's on their roadmap. There's some additional complexity with the in-home nurse visits - will be interesting to see how they make the transition.
Brick is interesting. How did you price out vital sign to $19. Just curious.